Every bow, whether recurve, compound, or barebow, has key components that work together to launch an arrow with accuracy and power. Understanding these parts helps archers maintain their equipment, fine-tune performance, and shoot more consistently.
1. Main Structural Components
Riser
Description: The central part of the bow that the archer holds.
Function: Houses the grip, sight window, and mounting points for accessories.
Material: Usually aluminium, magnesium alloy, or carbon fibre for stability.
Limbs
Description: The flexible arms that attach to the riser at both ends.
Function: Store and release the energy that propels the arrow.
Types:
Recurve/Barebow: Limbs curve away at the tips for more energy storage.
Compound: Shorter limbs connected to cams and cables.
Grip
Description: The handle section where the archer holds the bow.
Function: Designed to promote consistent hand placement for accuracy.
2. String and Cable System
Bowstring
Description: The cord connecting the upper and lower limbs.
Function: Transfers stored energy to the arrow upon release.
Material: Modern strings are made from synthetic fibres for low stretch and high strength.
Cables (Compound Only)
Description: Additional cords that connect cams and limbs.
Function: Synchronise cam rotation and assist in the let-off system.
Serving
Description: Protective thread wrapping around key points of the string.
Function: Prevents wear and provides grip for arrow nocks and finger tabs/releases.
3. Shooting and Aiming Aids
Sight
Description: An adjustable aiming device mounted to the riser.
Function: Allows precise aiming by aligning with the target.
Variation:
Recurve/Barebow: Non-magnified sights or no sight at all.
Compound: Magnified scopes with peep sight alignment.
Arrow Rest
Description: Small platform where the arrow rests before release.
Function: Positions the arrow correctly for consistent flight.
Stabilisers
Description: Weighted rods extending from the riser.
Function: Reduce vibration, balance the bow, and steady the aim.
Barebow: Not allowed under World Archery rules, except internal riser weights.
4. Compound-Specific Parts
Cams
Description: Oval-shaped wheels at the limb tips.
Function: Provide mechanical advantage and let-off, reducing holding weight at full draw.
Peep Sight
Description: Small ring inserted into the bowstring at eye level.
Function: Works with the front scope for precise aiming alignment.
Release Aid
Description: Handheld device used instead of fingers to draw and release the string.
Function: Improves release consistency and accuracy.
5. Accessory Mounts and Extras
Plunger/Button (Recurve/Barebow): Fine-tunes arrow flight by controlling side pressure on the arrow at release.
Clicker (Recurve): Audible/visual indicator to ensure consistent draw length.
String Silencers: Reduce noise and vibration (common in hunting setups).
Kisser Button: Small bead on the string used as a consistent anchor point.
Knowing the names and functions of your bow’s parts isn’t just for technicians—it helps every archer communicate better with coaches, identify problems, and appreciate the engineering behind their equipment. Whether you’re shooting barebow simplicity, recurve elegance, or compound precision, each part plays its role in delivering the perfect shot.